Home Plumbing Tips: What Is Hard Water?

Tap water containing high levels of dissolved minerals like calcium is known as hard water, which can cause problems with home appliances such as water heaters / boilers, washing machines, dishwashers, radiators and kettles. We've all seen the mineral residue left in the bottom of a kettle after prolonged use and many of us have bought kettles with inbuilt 'filters' to keep this residue in the kettle and out of the water that pours from the spout.

Magnesium is the other most common dissolved mineral found in our tap water which along with Calcium builds up after the water comes into contact with water pipes. If this build-up is not removed periodically, it will clog pipes, interfere with water pressure and all too often cause appliances such as washing machines and boilers to stop functioning altogether.

Other than 'fur' in the bottom of a kettle, another early warning sign that hard water is prevalent is when you have to use a lot of soap or detergent to get a lather.

In the majority of homes, it is normally possible to install some sort of water filtration or softening system. Obviously the best place to install this is at the main water supply point. Other than this, it may be possible to put some sort of water softening compound into the main water tank.

The major cause of appliance breakdown is hard water, particularly the build-up of calcium residue. Water filters and anti-calcium compounds, for example the brand Calgon, can extend the life of washing machines and dishwashers. You should also consider installing an inexpensive filter on your main water heating unit or boiler.

If you live in a hard water area, you can obtain washing products that are formulated to tackle this problem. For example you can buy dishwasher and washing machine powders that first soften the water and so will help to get your dishes / clothes cleaner. There are many cosmetic products such as shampoos and soaps which are also formulated to act as water softeners and these will help to remove the residue from hard water, making it easier to clean your hair and skin.

In summary, dealing with hard water need not be a major concern but installing a water softening system can do wonders. If this option is too expensive or simply not viable, there are plenty of products out there that will make cleaning easier and wherever you live, hard or soft water area, it's worth a regular 'flush' of your water pipes with a water softening agent from time to time to prevent the build up of calcium deposits.